The main goal of this publication - to show the history of temperature measurements of graphite melting point. The authors ourselves measured temperature with a two-strip wedge-shaped blackbody model, which was checked  on zirconium and tungsten experiments. This model was investigated long before by DeVos and Mendenhall, and now it was improved.
The fast pyrometer has a high dynamic range (12 nanoseconds). Pyrometer used light guide with 10-50 fibers, distributed in a one layer and inserted inside the blackbody model.
The authors developed a blackbody model that would exist not only in solid state but also in the liquid state. It gives a possibility to measure temperatures, that higher than may be obtained by steady-state measurements. The model was constructed specially for metals, hard steels and liquid carbon investigations.
The data on thermophysical properties of graphite during melting and of liquid carbon (enthalpy and specific heat capacity up to 12000 K) are presented (with using flat foils only, but not a blackbody model).  Melting temperature for graphite was obtained with using of a blackbody model made of two strips, just as for metals. In this case blackbody cavity was filled with epoxy glue. Fast pyrometer gave temperature plateau at graphite melting: 4800 K. Calibration method used was obtaining melting plateau of tungsten, also melted in the form of a blackbody model filled with the same epoxy glue.
In the published Table there are experimental and calculated data on melting temperature of carbon. Really it is the history of carbon investigations since 1963 year, when Francis Bundy published his outstanding work on carbon melting under high pressure.
Estimations through equation of Klapeyron-Klausius, based on our measuring melting temperature with the blackbody radiation, gave a high expansion of graphite during melting (70% by volume), that leads to the conclusion of a complicated molecular structure of liquid carbon.
 The authors of the article noted in the Table the main results of every investigation, that gives an interesting view on the  problem as a whole and on measuring of graphite melting temperature. The main disadvantage is in measuring melting temperature of the graphite: ~ 4000 K or ~ 5000 K ?  The arguments were included in the text to show  that higher temperature (4800 K) - is a reliable for melting temperature for graphite.
The possibility exists of creating an experimental calibration scale measuring blackbody radiation of the models made of different metals and carbides. The highest melting temperatures for carbides HfC equal to 4220 K, for TaC - 4270 K.  As carbides have a rising electrical resistivity with rising temperature, it gives a homogeneous electrical fast heating of these substances. A solvable task is only to manufacture carbide thin foils. It gives an opportunity to refine on carbon melting temperature and to determine those for different carbide eutectics. The last theme is of interest in metrology temperature measurements. But the main interest in future  measuring temperature of plasma state of metals or carbon (temperature higher than 10000 K).